A 'pom' is not a term commonly used within England itself. Instead, it's a nickname used primarily in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa to refer to people from England. It's rarely heard in everyday British conversation and is more of an external label applied by others.
Where the term 'pom' comes from
The word 'pom' most likely evolved from Australian rhyming slang in the early 20th century. It started with the word 'immigrant', which was phonetically altered to 'pomegranate'—possibly because newly arrived English migrants often had sunburnt faces, resembling the red skin of the fruit. Over time, 'pomegranate' was shortened to 'pommy' and then 'pom'.
Why it's not used in England
People in England don't typically call themselves 'poms'. The term only becomes relevant when viewed from outside, especially in countries with strong historical ties to British migration. Most people in English cities or towns would never use it in daily life unless they've lived abroad or have family connections to former Commonwealth nations.
Debunking the acronym myth
One popular but incorrect story claims 'pom' stands for 'Prisoner of His Majesty' or 'Prisoner of Mother England', suggesting it referred to convicts sent to Australia. However, this doesn't hold up—transportation of convicts ended long before the term appeared in print around 1912. Linguistic research shows no evidence of such acronyms being used officially.
What 'pom' says about identity
The term highlights how national labels can shift depending on context. In England, someone is simply British or English. But abroad, especially in former colonies, 'pom' becomes a cultural shorthand shaped by migration and shared history. It's often used in a light-hearted way, especially during sports rivalries like cricket's Ashes series.
Related phrases and usage
The phrase 'whinging pom' is another well-known expression, used to describe an English person complaining, often about the weather or lifestyle in a warmer country. While it can be teasing, it's generally not meant as a serious insult. The alliteration and cultural stereotype have helped it endure in media and casual speech.